What are the major constituents of urine?

What are the major constituents of urine?

Urine is an aqueous solution of greater than 95% water. Other constituents include urea, chloride, sodium, potassium, creatinine and other dissolved ions, and inorganic and organic compounds. Urea is a non-toxic molecule made of toxic ammonia and carbon dioxide.

What is the pH of the urine?

The American Association for Clinical Chemistry says the normal urine pH range is between 4.5 and 8. Any pH higher than 8 is basic or alkaline, and any under 6 is acidic. A urine pH test is carried out as a part of a urinalysis.

What is urine and write its composition?

It consists of water, urea (from amino acid metabolism), inorganic salts, creatinine, ammonia, and pigmented products of blood breakdown, one of which (urochrome) gives urine its typically yellowish colour.

What is pus cells in urine?

White blood cells (pus cells) are signs of infection. Bilirubin is a waste product from the breakdown of old red blood cells. It is normally removed from the blood by the liver. Its presence in the urine may be a sign of liver disease.

Is urine acidic or basic or neutral?

Urine has the highest range of pH compared to other bodily fluids. The American Association for Clinical Chemistry says the normal urine pH range is between 4.5 and 8. Any pH higher than 8 is basic or alkaline, and any under 6 is acidic.

What are the normal constituents of urine?

Normal Constituents of Urine: A. Urea: Nitrogenous Constituents: 1. Urea is the main end product of catabo­lism of protein in mammals. Its excretion is directly proportional to the protein in­take. It consists of 80-90% of the total uri­nary nitrogen. 2.

What does the presence of an abnormal constituent in urine indicate?

Presence of an abnormal constituent in urine of a person indicates happening of certain abnormality or diseases in the person. For this reason, qualitative and quantitative analysis of urine for the presence of abnormal constituents in it is very important in clinical practice.

What is the concentration of urea in urine?

The concentration of the following constituents in urine may be regarded a s a careful approximation: 1 Urea: 9.3 g/dL 2 Creatinine: 0.670 g/ L 3 Sodium: 1.17 g/L 4 Potassium: 0.750 g/L 5 Chloride: 1.87 g/L

What are solutes found in urine?

Solutes found in urine may be classified as irons or organic molecules including urea, uric acid, creatinine, sodium chloride, hormones, carbohydrates, fatty acids, enzymes, mucins and pigments. Some ions include: Potassium, magnesium, calcium, chloride, aluminium, phosphates and sulphates.