How far is the distance to the epicenter of an earthquake if the difference in arrival time between the P wave and the S wave is 6 minutes?

How far is the distance to the epicenter of an earthquake if the difference in arrival time between the P wave and the S wave is 6 minutes?

The graph shows that the S-waves need about 12 minutes: 40 seconds to travel the same distance. Therefore, if the time separation between the arrival time of the P- and S-waves is 5 minutes:40 seconds, the epicenter must be 4000 km away. Figure 7-7 Travel time graph for P- and S-waves.

How do you find the difference in the arrival time of P wave and S wave?

As the P and S waves travel out from an earthquake the P waves get progressively farther ahead of the S waves. Therefore, the farther a seismic recording station is from the earthquake epicenter the greater will be the difference in time of arrival between the P and S wave.

How do you find the distance to the epicenter of an earthquake?

Finding the Distance to the Epicenter Use the time difference between the arrival of the P and S waves to estimate the distance from the earthquake to the station. (From Bolt, 1978.) Measure the distance between the first P wave and the first S wave. In this case, the first P and S waves are 24 seconds apart.

What is the approximate distance between the seismic station and the Peru earthquake epicenter?

Hence, the distance from the earthquake epicenter to the seismic station is 1,500 miles.

What is the interval between the P and S wave?

S waves are indicated by an abrupt change in wave amplitude. In the seismogram below, we see that the S wave arrived at about 34 sec after the P wave arrived. This time difference is called the S-P interval and is the lag time between the P and S wave.

What is the distance of epicenter from the station km?

Measure the difference in arrival times between the first shear (s) wave and the first compressional (p) wave, which can be interpreted from the seismogram. Multiply the difference by 8.4 to estimate the distance, in kilometers, from the seismograph station to the epicenter.

How does distance from the epicenter affect the SP time interval?

With increasing distance from the earthquake, the time difference between the arrival of the P waves and the arrival of the S waves increases. Put more simply, the higher the time between the S and P waves (the S-P interval), the farther the distance.

What is the distance of epicenter in Davao?

Davao City (51.1 km NE of epicenter) [Map] / Moderate shaking (MMI V) / 10-15 s : there was a rapid up-down shaking slightly felt about 2-3 secs.

What do you mean by TD in the formula in solving the distance of the epicenter from the station?

Compute the distance of the epicenter from each of the stations using the formula: d= Td x 100 km 8 seconds Where: d = distance (km) Td = time difference in the arrival time of P-wave and S-wave (seconds)

How to calculate the time difference between the P-wave and S-wave?

Online Help 1 Determine the arrival times of the P-wave and the S-wave: Arrival time of P-wave: 1.0 min Arrival time of S-wave: 6.0 min 2 Calculate the difference between the arrival time of the P-wave and the S-wave. Time Difference = 3 Refer to the Earthquake Time Travel Graph.

What type of waves determine the epicenter of an earthquake?

The first type of wave to consider when determining the epicenter of an earthquake is the P-wave. These waves are also referred to as primary or compressional waves. Important characteristics of P-waves are: the particles that the wave passes through move in the same direction as the wave itself (pushing and pulling motion)

How to calculate the epicenter distance of an earthquake using time travel?

Determine the location on the graph where the two curves have a time difference equal to the time difference you previously calculated. After looking at the Earthquake Time Travel Graph, it is clear that the two curves have a difference of 5 units on the time axis at x = 3.4. Therefore the earthquake has an epicenter distance of km, or 3,400 km.

How do you understand the motion of each type of wave?

The following animation helps to understand the motion of each type of wave. A seismogram is the graph output from a seismograph, which is used to determine the epicenter of an earthquake. When consulting the seismogram, P-waves always appear before S-waves, as they travel faster and can travel through three states of matter as opposed to one.