What was the Hohokam economy?

What was the Hohokam economy?

The results suggest that for much of the Hohokam sequence a market-based system, perhaps structured around workshop procurement and shopkeeper merchandise, provided the means of distributing pottery from specialist producers to widely distributed consumers.

What did the Hohokam trade?

Hohokam agriculture included corn, beans, squash, agave, cotton, and tobacco. The Hohokam wove their cotton into textiles which were often used as a trade item. The Hohokam traded with the Indian nations of California as well as with those in Mexico.

What were the Hohokam known for?

The Hohokam are probably most famous for their creation of extensive irrigation canals along the Salt and Gila rivers. In fact, the Hohokam had the largest and most complex irrigation systems of any culture in the New World north of Peru.

What resources did the Hohokam use?

Adapting to Desert Life They used the desert’s natural resources to satisfy their basic needs. Mesquite trees were also useful to the Hohokam. The pods, or beans, which grow on these trees in the spring, were ground into flour. Wood from the mesquite tree was used in building the Hohokam houses and also used for fuel.

What happened to the hohokams?

The Hohokam people abandoned most of their settlements during the period between 1350 and 1450. It is thought that the Great Drought (1276–99), combined with a subsequent period of sparse and unpredictable rainfall that persisted until approximately 1450, contributed to this process.

How did the Hohokam people farm?

The canal systems allowed the Hohokam to farm corn, cotton, beans, tobacco and squash. The well-designed irrigation systems allowed the Hohokam to produce two harvests each year. They did have other food sources that came from dry farming agave, the gathering of wild plants and hunting deer and other small animals.

What was the hohokams water source?

The Hohokam used the waters of the Salt and Gila Rivers to build an assortment of simple canals with weirs for agriculture. From 800 to 1400 CE, their irrigation networks rivaled the complexity of those of ancient Near East, Egypt, and China.

What crops did the Hohokam grow?

Corn (maize), beans and squash were the three major crops in the prehistoric American Southwest and were also the principle foods of the Hohokam. But the Hohokam also used other Mesoamerican food plants such as agave and amaranth.

How did the Hohokam adapt to their environment?

The Hohokam lived in a desert with little rain, so they figured out how to irrigate their crops. They also became good at trade with other people. The Anasazi used the landscape to build their homes. They created pueblos within canyon walls for protection.

Who are the descendants of the Hohokam?

The later occupants of the area, the Pima and Tohono O’odham (Papago), are thought to be the direct descendants of the Hohokam people.

What crops did Hohokam grow?

What skill did the Hohokam have to live in the desert?

The great achievement of the Hohokam lay in their ability to manage the harsh desert landscape for the resources they required to eat, trade, and produce stunning pieces of shell and ceramic art.

What are the characteristics of the Hohokam culture?

Hohokam societies received a remarkable amount of immigration. Some communities established significant markets, such as that in Snaketown. The harshness of the Sonoran Desert may have been the most influential factor on the society. Despite cultural exchange at trade centers, self-sufficiency and local resources were emphasized in communities.

Who were the ancestors of the Hohokam?

Archaeologists identified a culture and people that were ancestors of the Hohokam. Called the Early Agricultural Period, this early group grew corn, lived in sedentary villages all year round and developed sophisticated irrigation canals. This group might have occupied southern Arizona as early as 2000 BC!

When did the Hohokam first appear in Arizona?

Archaeologists working at a major archaeological dig in the 1990s in the Tucson Basin, along the Santa Cruz River, identified a culture and people that were ancestors of the Hohokam who might have occupied southern Arizona as early as 2000 BCE.

What is the Hohokam Chronological Sequence?

Throughout the Hohokam Chronological Sequence, individual residential structures were normally excavated approximately 40 cm (16 in) below ground level, with plastered or compacted floors that covered between 12 and 35 m 2, and featured a circular, bowl-shaped, clay-lined hearth situated near the wall-entry.